Iyo electron nu mwobo byongeye guhura, birashobora kumurika urumuri rugaragara, kuburyo rushobora gukoreshwa mugukora diode itanga urumuri.Byakoreshejwe nk'itara ryerekana mumuzunguruko n'ibikoresho, cyangwa bigizwe ninyandiko cyangwa ibyerekanwe.Diode ya Gallium arsenide itanga urumuri rutukura, diode ya gallium fosifide itanga urumuri rwatsi, diode ya silicon karbide itanga urumuri rwumuhondo, na diode ya gallium itanga urumuri rwubururu.Bitewe nimiterere yimiti, igabanijwemo diode kama itanga urumuri OLED hamwe na diode LED itanga urumuri.

Diyode itanga urumuri ikoreshwa mubikoresho bitanga urumuri rutanga ingufu binyuze mu kongera ingufu za electron nu mwobo kugirango bisohore urumuri.Zikoreshwa cyane murwego rwo kumurika.[1] Diode itanga urumuri rushobora guhindura ingufu z'amashanyarazi imbaraga zumucyo kandi zikagira imikoreshereze myinshi muri societe igezweho, nko kumurika, kwerekana ibibaho, hamwe nibikoresho byubuvuzi.[2]

Ubu bwoko bwa elegitoronike bwagaragaye nko mu 1962. Mu minsi ya mbere, bashoboraga gusohora gusa itara ritukura.Nyuma, izindi verisiyo za monochromatic zakozwe.Umucyo ushobora gusohoka uyumunsi wakwirakwiriye kumucyo ugaragara, infragre na ultraviolet, kandi urumuri narwo rwiyongereye kuburyo bugaragara.Kumurika.Imikoreshereze nayo yakoreshejwe nk'itara ryerekana, kwerekana imbaho, nibindi.;hamwe niterambere ryiterambere ryikoranabuhanga, diode itanga urumuri rwakoreshejwe cyane mubyerekanwe no kumurika.

Kimwe na diode isanzwe, diode itanga urumuri rugizwe na PN ihuza, kandi ifite kandi icyerekezo kimwe.Iyo voltage yimbere ikoreshwa kuri diode itanga urumuri, ibyobo byatewe kuva mukarere ka P kugera mukarere ka N hamwe na electron zatewe kuva mukarere ka N kugera mukarere ka P zihura na electron mukarere ka N nubusa. mu gace ka P muri microne nkeya ya PN ihuza.Imyobo irongera ikabyara fluorescence isohoka.Ingufu za electroni nu mwobo mubikoresho bitandukanye bya semiconductor biratandukanye.Iyo electron nu mwobo byongeye guhura, ingufu zasohotse ziratandukanye.Ingufu nyinshi zirekuwe, niko bigufi uburebure bwumucyo wasohotse.Bikunze gukoreshwa ni diode itanga urumuri rutukura, icyatsi cyangwa umuhondo.Umuvuduko ukabije wa voltage ya diode itanga urumuri rurenze volt 5.Imbere ya volt-ampere iranga umurongo irahanamye cyane, kandi igomba gukoreshwa murukurikirane hamwe nimbogamizi igabanya ubukana kugirango igenzure umuyaga binyuze muri diode.

Igice cyibanze cya diode itanga urumuri ni wafer igizwe na P-semiconductor ya P na semiconductor ya N-N.Hariho inzibacyuho hagati ya P-semiconductor na N-semiconductor ya N, ibyo bita PN ihuza.Mu ihuriro rya PN ryibikoresho bimwe na bimwe bya semiconductor, mugihe abatwara bake batewe inshinge hamwe nabatwara benshi bongeye guhurira hamwe, ingufu zirenze zirekurwa muburyo bwurumuri, bityo bigahindura ingufu z'amashanyarazi ingufu zumucyo.Hamwe na voltage ihindagurika ikoreshwa kumurongo wa PN, biragoye gutera inshinge zitwara abantu bake, ntabwo rero itanga urumuri.Iyo iri mumikorere myiza (nukuvuga, voltage nziza ikoreshwa kumpande zombi), mugihe ikigezweho kiva kuri LED anode ikagera kuri cathode, kristu ya semiconductor isohora urumuri rwamabara atandukanye kuva ultraviolet kugeza infragre.Ubwinshi bwurumuri bufitanye isano nubu.